- Lei Maria da Penha completa cinco anos protegendo mulheres vítimas de agressão
Enviado em 22 de set de 2011
A lei nº 11.340, conhecida como Maria da Penha, completa nesta quinta-feira (22) cinco anos que entrou em vigor. Com a criação dessa lei, o cenário dos casos de agressão contra a mulher mudou em todo o país, inclusive em Minas Gerais. Antes da existência da lei, a impunidade era a maior inimiga da sociedade, que pedia justiça àqueles que maltratavam mulheres.
Para a titular da Divisão de Polícia Especializada da Mulher, Idoso e Deficiente Físico (Dipemi), delegada Margareth Freitas, a criação da Lei Maria da Penha foi uma ação benéfica, no sentido de proteção e combate à violência contra a mulher, além de ter um cunho educativo e preventivo.
“Com o passar dos anos, as mulheres estão tomando conhecimento da lei. Na delegacia nós fazemos questão de divulgar o serviço, oferecendo palestras para informar às mulheres dos seus direitos, o que é e como elas podem ser beneficiadas pela lei”, explicou a delegada.
Sancionada no dia 7 de agosto de 2006, a Lei Maria da Penha criou mecanismos para coibir a violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, crimes caracterizados por qualquer ação que lhes cause morte, lesão, sofrimento físico, sexual ou psicológico e dano moral ou patrimonial. As mulheres são agredidas por pessoas com quem possuem uma relação afetiva, seja marido, companheiro, pais, namorado ou irmão.
Antes da publicação da lei, os agressores assinavam termos circunstanciados onde se comprometiam a prestar esclarecimentos à Justiça e, quando condenados, tinham suas penas revertidas em pagamento de cestas básicas.
A partir da criação da Lei Maria da Penha, a vítima pode solicitar as Medidas Protetivas de Urgência, que determinam o afastamento do agressor do lar, estipulam uma distância entre a vítima e o suspeito, proíbe contato por qualquer meio de comunicação, além de impedir que o agressor circule pelos mesmos lugares que a vítima. Caso a medida seja descumprida, o autor pode ter a prisão preventiva decretada.
“As mulheres estão denunciando mais, porque estão tendo mais consciência dos seus direitos e deveres. Elas estão mais engajadas a registrar a ocorrência, pois estão conhecendo a efetividade da lei”, enfatizou a delegada.
* A Lei Maria da Penha cria mecanismos para coibir a violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher e assegura à classe feminina condições para o serviço efetivo dos direitos à vida, à segurança, ao respeito, à moradia, à dignidade, à liberdade, à convivência familiar, entre outros.
* São crimes caracterizados por qualquer ação que lhes cause morte, lesão, sofrimento físico, sexual ou psicológico e dano moral ou patrimonial.
* A pena para o agressor condenado pode variar entre três meses e três anos de reclusão.
Quem é Maria da Penha?
A Lei Maria da Penha homenageia a bioquímica Maria da Penha Maia Fernandes, que era agredida e foi vítima de pelo menos duas tentativas de assassinato por parte de seu marido - uma delas a deixou paraplégica. O caso chegou à Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos em 1998, como denúncia de que o Brasil seria tolerante com a violência contra a mulher. Após análise, o órgão sugeriu formalmente ao Brasil reformar sua legislação de modo a dar maior apoio às mulheres vítimas de agressão - uma mudança que nasceu sob a forma da Lei nº 11.340, de 7 de agosto de 2006. O marido de Maria da Penha só foi punido depois de 19 anos de julgamento e ficou apenas dois anos em regime fechado.
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